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JOSEPH S. MOODY,- OFv SACO, MAINE.

Letters Patent No. 81,523, dated August 25, 1868; anteclated July 23, 1868.

IMPROVEMENT IN LATHE-GHUGK.

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TO ALL WHOM IT MAY GONCERN:

Be it known that I,`JOSEPH S. MOODY, of Saco. in the countyoi` York, and 4State of Maine, have invented an Improvement in Lathe-Chucks; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and1 exact description thereof, reference beinghad to the accompanying drawings, making a part ofthis specification.

Figure 1 is a'frontview of chuck.

Figure 2 is a back view of chuck. l A i Figure 3 is a view of the interior of the chuck, with vback-plate and gear removed.

` Figure llisa view of gear and gear-hub. i I

In that class of chucks known as universal chucks, the jaws are 'closed or opened 'by a wrench actin-g on the driving-screws ofeach jaw, each screw actingnindependent of the others, or by a circular ra'ck in the periphery ofthe plate, (as in the chuck for which a patcntlwas-granted Eli Horton., November 13, 1855, No.` 135787,)

allthe jaws may be opened or closed simultaneously, by awrench acting on a single screw; butin this case the jaws cannot be made to work independent of each otherwithout the removal ofessential parts. With Athis style of chuck, in order to set an eccentric or anypiece of work out oi' centre, it is necessary to remove the chuck from-thc lathe, and, taking it apart, to remove the circular rack, plafce the'jaws in position, replace the rack, vand rearrange the other parts-before it can be used for the desired purpose; and in order to arrange it for other eccentries, or ordinary centre-work, it must be again taken' apart and adjusted. In either case it will be found necessary to adjust each jaw separately, requiring the employment of much" time and trouble to aecomplish the desired object. I Y i In the chuck for whichpatent was granted Michael Neckermann, AApril, 8, 1856,No. 14,632, the circular gear is thrown out by means of a rodbut the construction of this chuck is expensive, and its operation not by any means convenient.

In the chuck of my invcntion,.I dispense with the circular gear in the periphery of the'chnck, and substitute therefor a gear in the centre. I also place the pinions at or near the inner end of the driving-screws, instead of at the outer end, as in `allother chucks of,this description.'

My chuck may be either closed or opened, wit-hout the use of a wrench or other tool, by either holding iast the gear-hub A, fig. 2,o r by pressing the hand on the back-plate C, iig. 2, when attached Lto the gear-hub or gear, working in 'the pinions 1,2, 3, fig. 3, and rotating the chuck, or by holding fast the face-plate, and rotating the gear-hub with back-plate if attached.

The strength of thehand is suiicient to closethe jaws Atightly on wood or other soft material, and on small pieces of metal. I n case itis required to-secnrc hea'vy work,-any small bar may be usedas a lever, by resting one end on the centre-shaft or gear-hub, the other` being grasped by the hand, the middle of the bar bearing against the'knob D, iig. 2`,when, on rotatingthc chuck, the work will be firmly secured, or in case the back-plate is dispensed with, as may be advisable in the larger sizes, to lessen the weight, a. wrench may be fitted to grasp the gear-hub for the same purpose, or the face-plate may be held in position, and t-hc gear-hub rotated in the manner explained above. v

The set-screw E, 2, lis made to play in the groove F, lig. 3, for the purpose of retaining thegear-hub in place.' ,If it is desired to sletA ap eccentric or any work out of centre, it is readily accomplished by loosening the set-screw E, when the Vgear-hub 'is moved back enough tothrow ic out of gear with the pinions, then, bythe application of a common screw-driver or other suitable instrument, one or more of the jaws may be set out Vof centre, as may be desired. By replacing the gear-hub, and securing by means of the set-screw, the chuckis in perfect order. By a similar operation the jawsare vagainplaced imorder forreglar-centrc-work.

The scales 8,10, 12, on the face-plate, iig'. 1, answer as a guide not only in the setting of an eccentric, but alsovenable the operator, knowing the diameter, of the work to be secured, to readily adjust the jaws at the right point.` Being scaled irl/inches, divided into fractions, (Sths, 10|;hs, 12ths, &c., the diameter Yof the work may be ascertained by the eye, `without the use ot calipers or other instruments. These scales may be made to any required divisions, decimal, metric, or other. Y v

By loosening the set-screw E, the back-plate is easily removed, and the interior of the chuck is exposed so as to admit of the ready adjustment, cleaning, orrepair of any of its parts.

By placing the pinions in the centre of the chuck, the weight of the chuckand the cost of construction are greatly lessened.

Right or left-hand screws may be used to propel the jaws, the choice depending upon the style of lathe used, and work to be accomplished.

The back-plate may be-made to cover the edge of the rim of the chuck, or it may be made to play in a groove in the rim, if desired, and may be attached to the gear or hub by any known method.

By thearrangement of the gear in my improved chuck, the time required to operate it and adjust Vany piece of work, eccentric or other, depends essentially on the speed of the lathe; it also offers the advantage of combining an improved universal chuck with an eccentric-chuck, quick and simple in its operation, thereby lessening the cost of implements, and facilitating the work. i

The gear-hub A and gear B of my improved chuck differ essentially from a circular rack placed in the hub, or near the centre ofthe chuck, as they are not designed to gear the pinions together, but are used as the driver of all the pnions and screws collectively, and are operated by the direct power of the-hand, the only use of a wrench or other tool being as hereinbefore shown, whereas in using a circular rack to gear the pinions together, a wrench applied toone of the screws attached to a pinion isthe motive-power.

I do not claim the radiating-screws geared together by a circular rack,'placed in the hub ornear to the f centre ofthe chuck, or the long pinions g, or their equivalents, in combination with the nuts Il, screws c, and jaws B, as shown and claimed in the patent of Robert and Thomas Rcssydated August 21, 1866; neither do I claim the driving-screws, pinions, nuts, or jaws, as they have been previously used.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Iatent, is

1.' The gear-huh A and gear B, having the set-screw E to play in the groove F, to operate as herein set forth, and for the described purposes.

2. The arrangement ofthe scales 8, 10, 12, on the face-plate, as and for thepurposes set forth.

3. The combination, with the centre shaft or gear-hub A, when operated as herein set forth, the knob D or its equivalent, as and for the purposes specied.

4. The combination and arrangement of a. universal chuck with a chuck for eecentries, when constructed substantially as shown and described.

^ JOSEPH S. MOODY. [L. s.]

Witnesses:

JNO. W. DEEMNG, WM. Henson. 

